Ponds used in series after primary wastewater treatment are often referred to as what?

The term "oxidation ponds" refers to a type of wastewater treatment system that utilizes natural processes to decompose organic matter and facilitate the reduction of pollutants in wastewater. These ponds are typically designed to allow the growth of algae and bacteria, working together to provide adequate treatment. As sunlight penetrates the water, algae perform photosynthesis, producing oxygen that supports aerobic bacteria in the breakdown of organic materials. This process is more efficient in a series of ponds, where the wastewater can be progressively treated, offering enhanced removal of pollutants.

In the context of being used in series after primary treatment, oxidation ponds effectively manage nutrient levels and facilitate further degradation of contaminants. This method of treatment helps improve water quality before it is released into the environment or undergoes further purification steps. The other terms like settling ponds and retention ponds refer to different types of processes or functions, which may not specifically denote the biological treatment aspect inherent to oxidation ponds. Stabilization ponds, while similar, often incorporate both aerobic and anaerobic processes and may not be exclusively focused on oxidation as the primary treatment mechanism.