Who are considered the main "workers" in the activated sludge process?

The primary "workers" in the activated sludge process are bacteria. This process relies heavily on these microorganisms to break down organic matter present in wastewater. Bacteria metabolize the organic material, converting it into biomass that can be removed from the system, along with producing byproducts that can enhance the purification of water.

In the activated sludge process, bacteria form flocs, which are aggregates that trap other particles, including small organic material and some protozoa that might also play a role in the process. These flocs then settle in the secondary clarifier, allowing for the separation of treated water and excess biomass. Maintaining the right conditions for bacterial growth, such as oxygen levels and proper pH, is crucial for the effectiveness of the activated sludge process, as it ensures that the bacteria can continue to perform their functions efficiently.

While fungi, algae, and protozoa do have roles in various ecosystems and can be involved in some wastewater treatment processes, their functions differ. Fungi primarily decompose organic materials in solid waste rather than actively participating in the biological treatment of wastewater. Algae can contribute to oxygen production in certain systems, but they are not the main agents in the activated sludge process. Protozoa may help control bacteria populations and participate in the